Let's review exactly what organic chemistry is:
- The chemistry of carbon compounds
- Responsible for many everyday products like: your clothing, plastic, and alcohol
Properties
- Low melting points
- Weak or No-electrolytes
Types of Carbon Atom Chains
- A straight-line
a circular pattern
a branched pattern
Types of Links with Other Atoms
single bonds
double bonds
triple bondsMoving on, a hydrocarbon is a compound containing only hydrogen and carbon.
Hydrocarbons come in different types and can be represented in different ways.
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbon where carbon atoms are bonded by single bonds.
(saturated: atoms cannot bond to the structure)
When naming Alkanes: The names of all hydrocarbons end in "ane"
This is a table of the main alkanes and their chemical formulas:
This table above is a homologous series.
Homologous Series: A series of organic compounds with similar general formulas and chemical properties
THE GENERAL FORMULA OF AN ALKANE
Some hydrocarbons are called substituted hydrocarbons or branched hydrocarbons because they are attached to the side of the original hydrocarbon
Now let's move on to Alkyl Groups.
An Alkyl Group is an alkane which lost one hydrogen atom
The names of all alkyl groups end in '-yl'
For example: Propane -> Propyl
With more of the same kind of alkyl group, the prefixes "di, tri, tetra, etc" come in to play
List the different groups alphabetically, ex/ Ethyl is before Methyl
Put the position number in front, and a dash between each alkyl group and it's number
To better understand the naming of Alkyl Groups, click this link:
No comments:
Post a Comment